I. Isingeniso Esiyisisekelo Se-cocoa Powder
I-cocoa powder itholakala ngokuthatha ubhontshisi we-cocoa emigodini yesihlahla sikakhokho, idlula ochungechungeni lwezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi njengokuvutshelwa nokuchotshozwa okuqinile. Okokuqala, kwenziwa izingcezu zikabhontshisi we-cocoa, bese amaqebelengwane e-cocoa ancishiswa futhi achotshozwe ukuze enze impushana.
Kufana nesithako somphefumulo kashokoledi, ophethe iphunga elimnandi likashokoledi. I-cocoa powder ihlukaniswe ngokuyinhloko izigaba ezimbili: i-cocoa powder (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cocoa powder yemvelo) kanye ne-alkalize cocoa powder.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-cocoa powder ziyahlukahluka ngombala, ukunambitheka, nokusebenza. Manje, ake sibhekisise ukuhlukana kwabo.
Ii. Umehluko phakathi kwe-Unalkalized Cocoa Powder kanye ne-Alkalized Cocoa Powder
1. Izinqubo zokukhiqiza zihluke kakhulu
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-cocoa powder engasetshenzisiwe "kungokokuqala futhi kuyiqiniso". Itholakala ngokuqondile kubhontshisi we-cocoa ngemva kokwenza imisebenzi evamile njengokuvutshelwa, ukomisa ilanga, ukugazinga, ukugaya nokunciphisa amafutha, ngaleyo ndlela kugcinwe izingxenye zangempela zamabhontshisi we-cocoa ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu.
I-alkalized cocoa powder, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyinqubo eyengeziwe yokwelapha i-cocoa powder engenalutho ngesisombululo se-alkaline. Lokhu kwelashwa kuyamangalisa impela. Akugcini nje ngokushintsha umbala nokunambitha kwe-cocoa powder, kodwa futhi kubangela ukulahleka kwezakhi ezithile. Kodwa-ke, iphinde iyenze ifaneleke kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kokudla okuthile kwezinye izici.
2 Kunomehluko ezinkomba zezinzwa
(1) Ukungafani kombala
I-cocoa powder ye-unalkalized ifana "nentombazane engena-makeup", enombala okhanyayo, ngokuvamile ophuzi ophuzi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ayizange ithole ukwelashwa kwe-alkalization futhi igcina umbala wangempela wobhontshisi we-cocoa.
Ngokuqondene nempushana ye-alkaliized cocoa, kufana nokugqoka izimonyo ezinzima, ezinombala omnyama kakhulu, okwethula okunsundu okujulile noma okusondele kokumnyama. Lokhu ukusabela phakathi kwesisombululo se-alkaline kanye nezingxenye ze-cocoa powder, okwenza umbala ube mnyama. Lo mehluko wombala ungaphinde uthinte ukubukeka komkhiqizo oqediwe lapho wenza ukudla.
(2) Amakha ayahluka
Iphunga lempushana ye-cocoa elingashintshiwe licebile futhi limsulwa, linephunga elimnandi lezithelo likabhontshisi wemvelo we-cocoa kanye nentwana yomunyu, njengokuhogela ngokuqondile iphunga lezihlahla zikakhokho ehlathini lemvula elishisayo. Leli phunga lingangeza ukunambitheka kwemvelo kanye nokwangempela ekudleni.
Iphunga le-alkali cocoa powder lithambile futhi lithambile. Ine-asidi yesithelo esisha kanye nephunga likashokoledi elijulile, elingenza ukunambitheka kokudla kucebe kakhulu futhi kugcwale. Ilungele labo abathanda ukunambitheka okuqinile kweshokoledi.
3 Izinkomba ezibonakalayo nezamakhemikhali ziyehluka
(3) Umehluko ku-acidity ne-alkalinity
I-cocoa powder enalkalized ine-acidic, okuyindawo yayo yemvelo. Inani layo le-pH ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka-5 no-6. I-asidi yayo ingase ibangele ukucasuka okuthile esiswini nasemathunjini, kodwa futhi inothe ngezinto eziningi ezilwa ne-antioxidant.
I-alkalized cocoa powder iba yi-alkaline ngemva kokuphathwa ngesisombululo se-alkaline, enenani le-pH elizungeze i-7 kuya ku-8. I-alkaline cocoa powder inobungane ngokuqhathaniswa nesisu nasemathunjini futhi ifaneleka kubantu abanokugaya okuncane, kodwa inezingxenye ezimbalwa ze-antioxidant.
(4) Ukuqhathaniswa kokuncibilika
I-solubility ye-cocoa powder engenalutho ayilungile kakhulu, "njengokuziqhenya okuncane", kunzima ukuhlakazeka ngokuphelele emanzini futhi kujwayele ukuwa. Lokhu kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwezinye iziphuzo noma ukudla okudinga ukuqedwa okufanayo.
I-alkalized cocoa powder iyisithako “esisebenziseka kalula” esinokuncibilika okuphezulu, okungancibilika ngokushesha nangokulinganayo oketshezini. Ngakho-ke, idlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni iziphuzo, u-ayisikhilimu nokunye ukudla okudinga ukuncibilika okuhle.
4 Ukusetshenziswa kuhluke kakhulu.
(5) Ukusetshenziswa kwempuphu kakhokho engaxutshiwe
I-cocoa powder engenakulinganiswa ifaneleka ekwenzeni ukudla okuphishekela ukunambitheka kwemvelo, okufana namaqebelengwane e-cocoa ahlanzekile, anganikeza amaqebelengwane iphunga elimnandi le-cocoa elimnandi kanye ne-hint of sourness, enezingqimba ezicebile zokunambitha.
Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe ukwenza i-mousse ye-chocolate, enezela ukunambitheka kwemvelo ku-mousse. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasetshenziswa futhi ukwenza iziphuzo ezinempilo, ilethe umsoco wemvelo we-cocoa eziphuzweni.
6) Ukusetshenziswa kwe-alkalize cocoa powder
I-alkalized cocoa powder isetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni okuhlukahlukene. Ekukhiqizeni amaswidi kashokoledi, kungenza umbala wamaswidi ube mnyama futhi ukunambitheka kube mellow. Lapho wenza iziphuzo ezishisayo ze-cocoa, ukuncibilika kwayo okuhle kungenza isiphuzo sinambitheke bushelelezi.
Ezimpahleni ezibhakwayo, kunganciphisa ubumuncu benhlama, kwenze isinkwa, amabhisikidi nezinye izinto zibe fluffy. Inzuzo yayo isemandleni ayo okuthuthukisa umbala nokunambitheka kokudla, okwenza umkhiqizo ophelile ukhange nakakhulu.
5 Izindleko zihlukile ekushiseni
(7) Ukwehluka kwezindleko
Izindleko ze-unalkalized cocoa powder ziphezulu kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inqubo yayo yokukhiqiza ilula, igcina izingxenye eziningi zoqobo zikabhontshisi we-cocoa, futhi inezidingo eziphezulu zekhwalithi yezinto zokusetshenziswa. I-cocoa powder ene-alkali iphathwa ngesisombululo se-alkaline. Inqubo yokukhiqiza iyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe aziqinile kangako, ngakho-ke izindleko ziphansi.
(8) Ukuqhathanisa nokushisa
Okuqukethwe kwekhalori kwezinhlobo ezimbili ze-cocoa powder akufani kakhulu, kodwa i-cocoa powder engasetshenzisiwe ingase ibe nekhalori ephakeme kancane ngenxa yokuthi igcina izingxenye eziningi zemvelo zikabhontshisi we-cocoa. Kodwa-ke, lo mehluko wama-kilojoule unomthelela omncane empilweni. Uma nje idliwe ngokulinganisela, ngeke ibeke umthwalo oweqile emzimbeni.
Iii. Ungazikhethela Kanjani I-cocoa Powder elungile
1. Khetha ngokwezidingo zakho zempilo
I-cocoa powder efanelekile iyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo sempilo yomuntu. Uma unesisu esiqine ngokwedlulele futhi ufuna ukudla izinto ezilwa ne-antioxidant, khona-ke i-cocoa powder engenalutho iyisitsha sakho. Ine-acidic kakhulu futhi inothile ngezakhi ze-antioxidant, ezinganelisa ukuphishekela kwakho okubili kwezempilo kanye nokunambitheka.
Uma isisu sakho namathumbu kuthambile futhi ethambekele ekuthukutheleni, i-alkalize cocoa powder ifaneleka kakhulu kuwe. Ine-alkaline futhi inokucasuka okuncane esiswini nasemathunjini.
Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha yiphi, kufanele uyisebenzise ngokulinganisela. Ungeqisi.
2 Khetha ngokusekelwe enjongweni
Khetha izimpushana ze-cocoa ezihlukene ukuze zisetshenziswe ezahlukene. Uma ufuna ukudala ukudla okuphishekela ukunambitheka kwemvelo, okufana namaqebelengwane e-cocoa ahlanzekile kanye ne-chocolate mousse, i-cocoa powder engenalutho iyisinqumo sakho sokuqala. Ingaletha iphunga elimnandi lezithelo kanye nokunambitheka kwemvelo. Uma kuziwa ekwenzeni amaswidi kashokoledi noma iziphuzo ezishisayo ze-cocoa, i-alkali ye-cocoa powder ingaba usizo olukhulu. Inombala ojulile, i-solubility enhle kanye ne-flavour ecebile, engenza umkhiqizo ophelile ukhange ngombala futhi ubushelelezi ekuthunjweni. Ekuphetheni, ngokukhetha kuphela ngokwezidingo zakho ungenza ukudla okumnandi nokufanelekile.
Sengiphetha, kunomehluko phakathi kwe-cocoa powder engafakwanga ne-alkalized cocoa mayelana nokukhiqizwa, ukunambitheka, kanye nokusetshenziswa.
I-cocoa powder ye-unalkalized ingokwemvelo futhi ihlanzekile, inothile ngemisoco, kodwa iyabiza futhi ine-solubility ephansi. I-alkalized cocoa powder inokunambitheka okuncane, ukuncibilika okuhle kanye nezindleko eziphansi.
Uma ukhetha, labo abanesisu esihle futhi bathanda ukunambitheka kwemvelo nokudla okuphezulu kufanele bakhethe okungenakulinganiswa. Labo abanezisu ezibuthakathaka noma labo abanaka ukunambitha nokuncibilika kufanele bakhethe ama-alkaline.
Uma udla, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-cocoa powder, kufanele udliwe ngokulinganisela. Ingadliwa kanye nokunye ukudla. Ngale ndlela, ungajabulela ubumnandi futhi uzuze nempilo yakho.
Oxhumana naye: Serena Zhao
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E-mail:export3@xarainbow.com
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-01-2025